Drawing Sheet 4-C

Support

Dimensions:

22.4 x 17.2 cm

Cut edge:

Left edge

Paper type:

Ivory wove paper, discolored to tan

Pinholes:

Two, in the ULC and center top edge; possibly LRC

 Additional notes:

Black medium/material is visible within the hole

Sewing holes:

Possibly along right edge, 7.7 and 16.3 cm from top edge

Edges overlapping adj. sheet:

Bottom (edge remnants on 5C recto)

Edges extending below adj. sheet:

Top and left edges

Edges abutting adj. sheet:

Right edge

Media

Graphite:

Graphite (possibly in combination with charcoal) is used extensively to define the overall composition

Colored pencil:

Black pencil is used to define some areas of the composition, for example in the creature at the center right, and applied over graphite to strengthen existing areas in the architecture. Color media is applied over the black pencil

Yellow pencil

Greenish-blue pencil

Charcoal:

Charcoal may have been used in the composition, particularly at the center right where there is some transfer of media across the surface

Pastel:

Red pastel/conte crayon is used in the flag in the ULC and possibly in the smoke/flame in LR area

Watercolor:

—

Scratching:

—

Additional media notes:

Touches of an unidentified transparent light yellow medium is used at the top and lower left side to tone the bird-like creatures, particularly in the clawed hands and feet, heads and wings (similar to 4B and 4F); could this have been a ‘golden color or faded lake?

Composition

Drawing to sheet edges:

All edges

Drawing into adjacent sheet:

Composition extends across into 4D in upper area and in creature at center right in like media

Little composition relates to 3C; two tentacles at the center top edge correspond above in like media, but the drawn line does not extend across joined edges

The composition extends into 5C, in the small faces though the image size, facial details and media differ slightly from those below; and the smoke stacks continue above in like media

Compositional changes/additions:

Creature at center right side may have been elaborated on/developed (of fins and claws) with darker black pencil

Artist’s patches:

—

Former restoration:

—

Drawing on verso:

—

Additional observations:

Analysis

Technique

Area/location

Results/observations

Photo microscopy:

Ultra-violet radiation:

Areas with trans. yellow media

Areas strongly absorb UV, appearing black

Infrared radiation:

Raman Spectroscopy:

X-Ray diffraction:

Trans. Yellow medium